Elements in group 13 have three valence electrons. Elements in group 2 have two valence electrons.
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Now that weve classified our elements into groups on the periodic table lets see how to determine the number of valence electrons.
Periodic table groups valence electrons. Because those properties repeat every so often the result was a periodic table in which each vertical column called a group contains elements with similar characteristics and each horizontal row called a period arranges the elements by weight increasing from left to right and top to bottom. For neutral atoms the number of valence electrons is equal to the atoms main group numberthe main group number for an element can be found from its column on the periodic table. And so for this video were only talking about the valence electrons for elements in the main groups.
And so forth up to group 18. Valence electrons are the electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom. For a main group element a valence electron can exist only in the outermost electron shell.
In a transition metal a valence electron can also be in an inner shell. Elements in group 1 have one valence electron. You can easily determine the number of valence electrons an atom can have by looking at its group in the periodic table.
Elements in group 18 have eight valence electrons except for helium which has only two. Elements in group 14 have four valence electrons. An atom with a closed shell of valence electrons corresponding to an electron configuration s 2 p 6 tends to be chemically inert.
For example carbon is in group 4 and has 4 valence electronsoxygen is in group 6 and has 6 valence electrons. For example atoms in groups 1 and 2 have 1 and 2 valence electrons respectively. Atoms in groups 13 and 18 have 3 and 8 valence electrons respectively.
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